sexton



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE..

AMOS. J'. SEXTON, OF BROOKLYN, AND WILLIAM ENNIS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

` VENTILATING SHIPS.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 8,378, dated September 23, 1851.

i the city of Brooklyn, county of Kings, and

State of New York, and WILLIAM Eis-Nrs, of the city and county o-f New York, in the State of New York, have jointly invented, constructed, made, and applied to use a new and useful improvement in the mode of ventilating ships or vessels,` almshouses, hospitals, private dwellings, and erections of every kind requiring ventilation not known or used by others before the discovery or Vinvention thereof by the undersigned and not at the time of their application for a patent in public use or on private sale; and the following is a full description of the manner and process of constructing and applying to use the said new and useful improvement, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification, wherein- A, Figure l, is a transverse vertical section of a vessel or ship showing the ventiducts.

B, Fig. 2, is a top or birds eye plan showing a general arrangement of the ventiducts. B, Fig. 3 shows the heating apparatus.

C, Fig. l, is a form of applying ventiducts to a building which may be varied in forni to suit any construction.

On board of every ship or vessel is generally to be found an article known among sailors as a Caboose, which is connected with operations of cooking; shown in several positions which will be readily understood by the constructor.

Connected with the caboose (a) is a water back (b) into which is inserted two tubes (c) and (CZ). The tube (c) receives cold water and passes it to the water back, where it is heated, and may be drawn off at plea sure; through (d), which connects with a receiver, which we call a water surface, contained within (e), but not shown; a section of which is shown at D.

(e) the water surface referred to requires to be made double, and may be of an oblong square or circular shape; a transverse section of which is shown at (e) Fig. l. The tube (d) discharges the heated water therein. The supply to the water back is kept up through (c) and the heated water of which runs into the surface through (Z)-is kept if desired in a constant state of ebullition, and the evaporation passes off through (f) through a linger valve which may be regulated as described, connected at the top with the water surface.

(g, g, g, g, g,) are representations of the horizontal ducts, to be secured to the spar deck, main deck, lower deck, and along the keelson of the vessel, and may be intersected by vertical ducts as shown at (7L, 7L, L, L, L,).

A, Fig. l, shows the vertical ducts which may be increased, or diminished according to the number o-f apartments desired in the vessel or building. The vertical ducts distribute air in each apartment, by means of the valves (i, z' z' 4z' z' z' i), and are to be connected with each apartment requiring ventilation. The ducts may be made of iron or tin, gutta percha, india rubber, canvas, or any material which when prepared will preserve a hollow shape. The horizontal and vertical ducts, referred to being properly secured upon the decks on floors, as shown in A and B Figs. l and 2, and at C Fig. l.

For the purpose of putting the same into operation the vertical duct, K, which is six l times the diameter of (g), and (h), is to be made of the material hereinbefore referred to or of banded wood. The duct is to be introduced into the after hatchway, or any opening as shown at (Z, Z,). The constructor may however vary the diameter of H to suit the purpose intended. Upon the upper section of H, at K1, and across the opening thereof is placed two double bars, at right angles to each other as shown in section D, Fig. l.

At K2 into the center of which a rod, K3, enters and forms a pivot upon which the cowl turns; upon the top or sphere, of the cowl, is secured a vane (m2), which is intended to turn the cowl to the point from whence the wind blows. The oiiice of the vane being t-o keep the opening of the cowl (m3) in the winds eye, or facing the point from which the wind blows by which the ducts K, will be filled with external or cold air which as it rushes through the duct is circulated al'ong the minor ducts (g) and The arrows show the passage of the eXu ternal or cold air which is admit-ted into the several rooms through the valves The valves may be regulated by a screw or spring or any device analogous thereto. Upon the ducts extending horizontally along the ceiling (0, 0, 0, o, 0,) in each room or apartmentis a valve similar in all respects to t-he valves (2') secured and operating in the same way,

lio

except that (o), opens into the duct, instead of the rooms or apartments.

The use of the valves (o 0, o, o, 0,) being to receive the impure air w ich by a vacuum created by means of the water surface rushes into the duct I), from the several rooms or apartments. rI`he impure air is carried off, by an arrangement the reverse of that shown to introduce the external or cold air into the duct K, the escape of the impure air being shown byV arrows upon N.

The whole apparatus having been arranged ready for operation, water is introduced into the water back by turning the faucet (7)), which connects with a water tank, not shown and which is filled by the y tube (c), and communicates with the water surface. The ilnpure air is heated to a temperature corresponding with the heated water and being thus made lighter than the atmospheric air passes off, in the same Inanner as heated air from a chamber. The duct,

' K, is constantly supplying external or cold The foregoing arrangement may be applied to alms houses, hospitals, private dwellings and erections of every kind requiring ventilation by substituting the ordinary cooking range with a water back instead of a ships Caboose, hereinbefore described. VVhere the use of a steam engine can be obtained either in a ship or vessel or building the heated water may be drawn from the boiler directly into the Waterv surface by which the same results will be produced.

We do not claim to have invented either the caboose water back, ventiducts or valves although We do not know of the several parts referred to having been used for t-he purpose described; but What we do claim as our joint invention 1s- The combination and application of the caboose water back, ventiduct-s and valves in connection with our water surface and the cowl and vane for the introduction of pure air and the expelling of impure air as described and for the purpose hereinbefore mentioned.

AMOS J. SEXTON. WILLIAM ENNIS. In the presence of ALEG WALTON, WILLIAM BARRY. 

